PAC Custom
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What is PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride)
PAC is a coagulant - a chemical used to bind fine particles, colloids, and solutes in water to form larger flocs (clumps) that are easily precipitated or filtered.
PAC is a type of polymeric aluminum salt, usually used in:
- 
Drinking water treatment 
- 
Industrial wastewater treatment 
- 
Swimming pool water treatment 
- 
Pre-treatment process in industry (e.g. textile, pulp & paper, etc.) 
What is Custom PAC
"Custom PAC" means a PAC that is specially formulated by a manufacturer or laboratory to match the characteristics of raw water or specific process needs.
For example:
- 
Raw water pH is too low or high → a PAC with a specific optimum pH is made 
- 
High metal or organic content → special components are added to improve flocculation effectiveness 
- 
Different end goals (drinking water vs industrial wastewater) → Al₂O₃ concentration, molecular weight, or degree of polymerization are adjusted 
Examples of PAC Types and Customizations
| Type of Custom PAC | Characteristics | Common Applications | 
|---|---|---|
| Low pH liquid PAC | Reactive, quick to form flocs | Heavy industrial wastewater | 
| Neutral pH liquid PAC | Safe for drinking water | PDAM, groundwater treatment | 
| High-basicity powder PAC | Efficient, low residue | Pure water treatment | 
| PAC + polymer (blend) | Fast and large flocs | Textile, pulp, mining industries | 
Advantages of Custom PAC
- 
More efficient than alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃) because it requires less dosage. 
- 
Produces less sludge. 
- 
Can be adjusted to be stable in various water conditions (pH, TSS, color, metals, etc). 
- 
Lowers operating costs due to improved settling and filtration efficiency. 
Conclusion
Custom PAC = a special version of Poly Aluminium Chloride formulated to optimize the coagulation-flocculation process according to the characteristics of the water being treated.
This product is usually developed through laboratory tests (jar tests) before being applied in large-scale water treatment systems.
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